Start investing with zero membership cost and gain access to high-upside stock opportunities, market intelligence, and expert trading commentary. Foreign portfolio investors (FPIs) have significantly broadened their holdings in Indian equities even as overall ownership has dropped from 20% to 15% over the past decade, according to recent market data. While large-cap stocks such as Reliance Industries, TCS, and HDFC Bank have witnessed the heaviest selling since 2022, mid-cap names like Eternal, Paytm, and Polycab have drawn fresh foreign buying.
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- FPI ownership in Indian equities has declined from 20% to 15% over the past decade, yet the number of stocks held by foreign investors has increased, signaling broader portfolio diversification.
- Reliance Industries, TCS, and HDFC Bank have experienced the heaviest FPI selling since 2022, consistent with a global tilt toward markets perceived as safer or more liquid.
- In contrast, Eternal, Paytm, and Polycab have seen notable foreign buying, suggesting FPIs are selectively adding exposure to mid-cap names with perceived growth catalysts.
- The Russia-Ukraine conflict has been a key trigger for repositioning, with FPIs reassessing risk across emerging markets, including India.
- The trend indicates that while aggregate FPI ownership is shrinking, foreign investors are not leaving the Indian market but rather are distributing their capital across a wider set of companies.
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Key Highlights
Foreign portfolio investors are increasingly diversifying their Indian equity portfolios, holding a wider range of stocks despite a notable decline in aggregate ownership. Data reviewed by Livemint shows that FPI ownership in Indian equities has fallen from 20% to 15% over the last ten years, driven primarily by sustained selling in large-cap names. The selling pressure has been most pronounced in Reliance Industries, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), and HDFC Bank—the three stocks that have witnessed the largest FPI outflows since 2022.
The shift is attributed to global investment realignments following the Russia-Ukraine conflict, which prompted a broad reassessment of emerging-market exposure. In contrast, certain mid-cap stocks have managed to attract foreign buying. Eternal, Paytm, and Polycab are among the names where FPIs have increased their stakes, indicating a selective approach toward Indian equities.
Analysts suggest that the divergence reflects a strategic rotation away from high-valuation large-caps toward mid-cap names offering growth potential. The data underscores a structural change in FPI behavior: instead of exit, FPIs are recalibrating their holdings across more names while reducing overall weight.
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Expert Insights
The recent FPI activity in Indian equities highlights a nuanced shift rather than a wholesale retreat. The decline in aggregate ownership from 20% to 15% over the past decade masks a deeper diversification, as FPIs spread their bets across a larger number of stocks. This could reflect a maturing of the Indian market, where foreign investors are moving beyond the traditional large-cap blue chips to explore opportunities in mid-cap and emerging sectors.
The selling in mega-caps like Reliance, TCS, and HDFC Bank may partly be driven by valuation concerns and profit-taking, as these stocks have been lengthy market darlings. In contrast, names like Eternal, Paytm, and Polycab have caught foreign interest, possibly due to sector-specific tailwinds—Eternal in the consumer space, Paytm in digital payments, and Polycab in electrical goods.
Market participants would likely watch for sustained foreign buying in mid-caps as a signal of confidence in India's broader growth story, even as large-cap selling persists. The divergence also suggests that FPI flows are becoming more stock-specific, making it prudent for investors to focus on company fundamentals and sector dynamics rather than broad index-level trends. No near-term reversal in the trend is certain, but the data indicates that FPIs are refining their Indian exposure rather than exiting en masse.
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